Bisphenol a or bpa is a ubiquitious industrial chemical found in a variety of plastic containers intended for food storage and in the epoxy resin linings of metal food and beverage cans, where it is used to prevent corrosion, food contamination, and spoilage. It is intended to provide general information to persons who may manufacture, distribute, handle, use, store, or dispose of bpa. Phthalates and bpa are manmade chemicals called endocrine disruptors. Bisphenol a bpa belongs to chemicals that are produced in large quantities worldwide. Bisphenol a bpa factsheet national biomonitoring program. Bisphenol a is an industrial chemical primarily used as a building block for polycarbonate plastic resins and epoxy resins. Bisphenol a is a bisphenol that is 4,4methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups. Mar 03, 2020 the mammalian placenta is a target for endocrinedisrupting chemicals, such as the widely prevalent plasticizer bisphenol a bpa. Bpa epoxy resins are used in the protective linings of food cans, in dental sealants, and in other products. Bisphenol a bpa is used to produce certain types of plastic that are. Bisphenol a bpa chemical abstracts service registry number casrn 80057, a high production volume hpv chemical, is a reproductive, developmental, and systemic toxicant in animal studies and is weakly estrogenic. Toxicological and health aspects of bisphenol a pdf 905.
It is not intended to serve as a substitute for indepth training or speci. Product stewardship summary bisphenola introduction this document is intended to provide the general public with a highlevel overview of bisphenola, including its uses, properties. Bpa is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins used to line metal cans, and in many plastic consumer products including toys, water pipes, drinking. This type of plastic is usually clear and shatter proof. Bpa is a key monomer used to produce polycarbonate plastic. Bisphenol a bpa is used to manufacture polycarbonate plastics. If you wish to reduce your exposure to bpa, you can follow the suggestions in our companion fact sheets on bpa, and bpa in canned and bottled foods and. Bisphenol a bpa is an industrial chemical that is widely used in the production of polycarbonate pc plastics used in food contact materials, such as baby bottles and food containers and epoxy resins used as protective linings for canned foods and beverages and as. Vandenberg1, russ hauser2, michele marcus3, nicolas olea4, and wade v. The mammalian placenta is a target for endocrinedisrupting chemicals, such as the widely prevalent plasticizer bisphenol a bpa. Center for the evaluation of risks to human reproduction.
Studies have implicated exposure to bisphenol a bpa, a commonly used chemical, in the development of obesity in adults. Bisphenol a and polycarbonate plastics questions and answers april 21, 2005. Based on new data and methodologies, efsa has lowered the estimated safe level, known as the tolerable daily intake tdi, to 4 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day. Bisphenol a and bisphenol s disruptions of the mouse placenta. By measuring bpa in urine, scientists can estimate the amount of bpa that. Bisphenol a, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epa is providing this anprm to request comment on requiring toxicity testing.
Bpa is similar to estrogenic hormones and can bind to estrogen receptors. Molecule of the month bisphenol a university of bristol. In recent years, concerns have been raised about bpas safety. About bisphenol a safety bisphenol a bpa is used as the basic building block intermediate to make plastics and resins which are essential to many consumer and industrial products used in modern living, including many applications important to public health and food safety. Jan 07, 2020 press release bisphenol a bpa market 2020. Fourth national report on human exposure to environmental. Bpa formation by using scf will be another target for the study as an advantage of using green technology for bpa production and reduce the chemicals that emitted into the atmosphere and polluted the environment. Scientific opinion on bisphenol a 2015 efsa explains the safety of bisphenol a bpa poses no health risk to consumers because cur rent exposure to the chemical is too low to cause harm. The bisphenol a handling guide was prepared by the american chemistry councils polycarbonatebpa global group. Pdf health risk of exposure to bisphenol a bpa researchgate. Bisphenol a bpa is a plastic ingredient produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy. Bpa is best known for its use in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, particularly those found in water bottles, baby bottles, and other beverage and food containers. Potential human reproductive and developmental effects of bisphenol a.
Polycarbonate plastics can be found in some food and drink packaging, dvds, impactresistant safety equipment, and medical devices. In particular, developmental animals may be more susceptible to bpa and other endocrine disruptors which can cause various changes in offspring, including alterations in postnatal growth, reproductive organ development and function, and behavior. Bisphenol a bpa is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula ch 3 2 cc 6 h 4 oh 2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups. Polycarbonate plastics have many applications including use in some food and drink packaging, e. It is suitable for coating beverage and food cans, preparing baby bottles, forming the inner coat of water pipes etc. Bisphenol a, more commonly known as bpa, is a chemical widely used to make polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Bisphenol a bpa is a widely used chemical in polycarbonate plastic and. Executive summary this report provides information on bisphenol a bpa, its use in thermal paper, and possible substitutes for this use. They can affect hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, which are important for the reproductive. This means that once the chemical is in the body, it can act in place of a normal hormone in this case estrogen and disrupt normal processes in the body. Chemical structure of bisphenol a bpa 1, polycarbonate 2 and an epoxy resin. The widespread exposure of individuals to bpa is suspected to affect a variety of physiological functions. Update on bisphenol a for use in food contact applications u.
It has been in production since the 1960s and is still used by many industries today. Welshons5 1tufts university sackler school of graduate biomedical sciences, boston ma 02111 2department of environmental health, harvard school of public health, boston, ma 02115 3emory university, rollins school of public health, atlanta. Bisphenol a bpa, shown in figure 1, has made headlines over the past few years due to its potential effects on human health. The widespread detection of bpa, combined with the fact that bpa has a short halflife, indicates that bpa exposure is widespread and relatively continuous. How does bisphenol a work, and how can it affect my health. Bisphenola, including its uses, properties, and health and environmental considerations. Product declaration bisphenol a content plasticsportal. Bisphenol a bpa is an industrial chemical that is widely used in the production of polycarbonate pc plastics used in food contact materials, such as baby bottles and food containers and epoxy resins used as protective linings for canned foods and beverages and as a coating on metal lids for. Phthalates and bisphenol a bpa are used for a variety of purposes in plastics and personal care products. This opinion describes the assessment of the risks to public health associated with bisphenol a bpa exposure. Following the fourstep procedure recommended by the united states national academy of sciences nrc, 1983, a safety assessment of bpa concludes that the potential human exposure to bpa from polycarbonate plastic and. Scientific opinion on the risks to public health related to. We examined the association between urinary bpa and obesity in children aged 618 years from the national health and nutrition examination survey 20032008.
Bisphenol a bpa is a high volume industrial chemical used in the production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. Bisphenol a bpa is a highvolume industrial chemical used in the production. Bisphenol a bpa is a weak estrogen that has been widely used for polycarbonate plastic manufacturing, for epoxy resin linings of food and beverage containers bailin et al. To the best of our knowledge, this material is not generated during production. Bisphenol a bpa is a synthetic estrogen found in numerous consumer products, and its exposure to humans and wildlife is widespread. The headlines began with concerns over bpa in baby bottles and spread to include other types of contact materials such as reuseable plastic tupperware, can linings, thermal paper, cosmetics, and plastic toys. Bpa bisphenol a is a chemical used in certain food contact materials and first approved by fda in the early 1960s. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health effects.
Bisphenol a bpa current state of knowledge and future. Apr 21, 2005 bisphenol a and polycarbonate plastics questions and answers april 21, 2005. Polycarbonate plastics may be encountered in many products. The plastic monomer and plasticizer bisphenol a bpa is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide, with over 6 million pounds produced each year 1. It also has uses in polyester, polysulfone and polyacrylate resins, and flame retardants. It has a role as a xenoestrogen, an environmental contaminant, a xenobiotic and an endocrine disruptor. Bisphenol a bpa is an industrial chemical that has. This technique will be applied after synthesizing bpa by different methods to investigate and.
Pdf bisphenol a analogues bisphenol b, bisphenol f, and. Update on bisphenol a for use in food contact applications. Exposure was assessed for various groups of the human population in three different ways. The background to this mandate, as provided by the ec is 96 the following.
Parents were alarmed, pediatricians flooded with questions, and stores quickly soldout. Industry overview by size, share, future growth, development, revenue, top key players analysis and growth factors up to 2024 360 market updates. Bisphenol a bpa is used in the manufacture of plastics, to produce reusable drinking bottles, infant feeding bottles and other food storage containers. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water 0. Bisphenol a controversy centers on concerns and debates about the biomedical significance of bisphenol a bpa, which is a precursor to polymers that are used in some consumer products, including some food containers.
Human exposure to bpadue to its widespread use, along with reproductive and developmental effects reported in animal studieshas generated considerable attention on this chemical in recent years. In 2008, the possible health risks of bisphenol a bpa a common chemical in plastic made headlines. Phthalates and bisphenol a what are phthalates and bpa. This type of plastic is used to make some types of beverage containers, compact disks, plastic dinnerware, impactresistant safety equipment, automobile parts, and toys.
The concerns began with the hypothesis that bpa is an endocrine disruptor, i. Comparison of bisphenol a and bisphenol s percutaneous. Bisphenol a bpa is a plastic ingredient produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production. Scientific opinion on the risks to public health related. Bisphenol a bpa is a key industrial chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic, epoxy resins and other products. However, literature is limited on this association in children. Other uses of bpa consist of epoxy resins, which are used to coat the inside of food and beverage cans. Bisphenol a and bisphenol s disruptions of the mouse. This toxicological profile on bisphenol a bpa describes its effects on freshwater and marine life, humans, and laboratory animals. Bpa is a synthetic compound derived from diphenylmethane that is used to make polycarbonate, a rigid plastic used in a variety of industrial and household products. One component of the action plan tasked the epa design for the environment dfe branch to conduct an alternatives assessment for bpa in thermal paper. Bisphenol a bpa is used in the chemical industry as a monomer in the. Who toxicological and health aspects of bisphenol a. Our shorttolongterm solutions from pricing, analytics, industry news and supply and demand data ensure that you can evaluate bpa markets from every angle.
Bisphenol a bpa is an industrial chemical that has been present in many. Exposure was assessed for various groups of the human population in three di. The widespread exposure of individuals to bpa is suspected to affect a. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health effects congressional research service 1 introduction bisphenol a bpa 1 is a synthetic chemical compound produced in the united states in large quantities, approximately 2. Analysis of bisphenol a in toys by hplc with fluorescence. Bisphenol a bpa is used to make a hard plastic called polycarbonate. Based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, bisphenol a is not expected to be present.
Bisphenol a bpa is an organic compound that is used in the plastics industry. Jan 21, 2015 abstract this opinion describes the assessment of the risks to public health associated with bisphenol a bpa exposure. Here, we used a multiomics approach to study effects of developmental exposure to bpa and bps on midgestational mouse placenta. What are the effects of bisphenol a on aquatic and soil organisms. Technical evaluation report bisphenol a handlingprocessing. Polycarbonate plastics have many applications including use in some food and drink packaging such as water and baby bottles, compact. Product stewardship summary bisphenol a introduction this document is intended to provide the general public with a highlevel overview of bisphenol a, including its uses, properties. Get the latest data, tools and insight for bisphenol a bpa with icis pricing and market intelligence. Bisphenol a bpa, a colourless crystalline solid belonging to the family of organic compounds. Bisphenol a bisphenol a bpa is found mostly in plastics labeled with the recycling codes 3 or 7. In rats, bisphenol a bpa is metabolized to glucuronide by udpglucuronosyltransferase ugt2b1 in the liver and excreted into the bile. Bisphenol a bpa is a chemical produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Until recently, bpa was also widely used to make the protective coatings inside food and drink cans, but us manufacturers have been phasing it out in response to consumer demand and scientific findings of serious health concerns. Consumer unease with bpa has led to manufacture of substitutes, such as bisphenol s bps.
August 2015 supercedes version dated january 2014 i. Polycarbonate plastics have many applications including use in some food and drink packaging such as water and baby bottles, compact discs, impactresistant safety equipment, and. Bisphenol a bpa is a wellknown endocrinedisrupting chemical with estrogenic activity. In recent years, concerns have been raised about bpa s safety. Efsa was asked to evaluate a dietary developmental neurotoxicity study in rats stump, 2009 and recent scientific literature 20072010 in terms of relevance for the risk assessment of bpa. Fourth national report on human exposure to environmental chemicals fourth report, cdc scientists measured bpa in the urine of 2,517 participants aged six years and older who took part in cdcs national health and nutrition examination survey nhanes during 20032004.
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